Trademark, Trade Name, Logo, or Brand?

In what way does a trademark differs from a trade name, a logo, or a brand? What does registration result in – a trademark, a logo, or a brand?

The words “brand”, “logo”, “label”, etc. are colloquial terms often used as synonyms for a trademark (service mark). Russian law instead uses only one legal definition – trademark (service mark). Thus, the registration of a designation with the patent office results in a trademark.

A trademark (service mark) is a designation used for individualization of goods (or services) of business entities or individual entrepreneurs, the IP rights to which belong to the trademark owner and are evidenced by a trademark certificate. In Russia trademarks can not be initially registered in the name of natural persons (individuals).

Trademarks can be in the form of a word, design, combination, three-dimensional shapes, sound marks etc. The owner of the trademark can indicate that it is registered and protected in Russia by placing one of these designations next to the trademark:
“R”, ®, “trademark”, “registered trademark”.

Without the trademark owner's permission, nobody shall use designations which are identical to the trademark or designations that are similar to the trademark, in respect of the goods for individualization of which the trademark is registered, or homogenous goods, if such use may result in confusion of customers.

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